What is the Specialty of Oral Pathology?

Oral and maxillofacial pathology is a specialty of dentistry and pathology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the oral and maxillofacial regions. It is a science that investigates the causes, processes, and effects of these diseases. This field of study is concerned with the identification, nature, and treatment of diseases that affect the mouth, jaw, and face. Pathologists are involved in all areas of disease management, including research, diagnosis, examination, and treatment.

They specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of oral disorders affecting the maxillofacial and oral regions. Oral and maxillofacial pathology, formerly called oral pathology, is a specialty that deals with the diagnosis and study of the causes and effects of diseases affecting the oral and maxillofacial regions. In general, oral and maxillofacial pathologists in the United Kingdom are employed by schools of dentistry or medicine and perform their clinical work in the departments of university hospitals. The exact cause of canker sores is unknown, but several factors have been associated with their occurrence such as oral injuries, allergic reactions, and emotional stress.

Physicians specializing in this field work closely with dentists and oral surgeons to diagnose and treat these dental diseases. Examples of the most common tissues examined by biopsy include the oral and sinus mucosa, bones, soft tissue, skin, and lymph nodes. Cleft lip and palate are a congenital condition while other diseases are caused by poor oral hygiene or other lifestyle factors. Oral pathology (26% of oral maxillofacial pathology) is a subspecialty of dentistry that deals with diseases of the oral cavity including the oral mucosa (lining of the oral cavity), bones, salivary glands, and adjacent structures.

The main function of the palate is to demarcate the nasal and oral cavity which is essential for swallowing, eating, and speaking. Saliva plays an important role in keeping the mouth healthy by moistening it, promoting digestion, and killing certain bacteria. Early detection of oral cancer or precancerous conditions increases the chances for successful treatment. In some parts of the world, oral and maxillofacial pathologists assume responsibilities in forensic dentistry.